However, the lead ore was poor in silver. Lead was plentiful, and essential for Roman engineering and building works. The Romans weren’t just farming this landscape – they were attracted by Derbyshire’s mineral wealth. These hollow boxes were placed inside walls to carry hot air from the under floor hypocaust system out of a building, heating the walls on the way. Iron nail found at Carsington Fragment of box-flue tile found at Carsington. Fragments of Roman glass found at Carsington. The buildings included a farmstead and, a little further away, a settlement comprising a group of buildings covering around 2 hectares. Archaeologists discovered the remains of Roman buildings constructed between 100-200CE and occupied for about 250 years. It was the last chance to investigate the land prior to the flooding of the valley and the creation of the reservoir. In the 1980s the area in front of you was excavated. Household ceramic tiles & chinaĬolours and surfaces are limitless and can add wonderful texture and contrast to mosaic work.You should be standing near the Sheep Wash Car Park, looking out over the reservoir. It can provide areas of larger tesserae pieces for variety and contrast. It comes as large sheets that can be cut into smaller sections with a glasscutter. Known for its translucent qualities stained glass is also available in opaque form. Use mirror glue as this protects the silver on the back of the mirror. It is cheap as offcuts from a glass cutting shop are often free. Mirror adds great depth and sparkle to a mosaic. This tile is made with real gold and silver leaf sandwiched between two layers of glass and fired twice in the kiln to embed in the metal. It is produced in Venice and sold by colour and weight. Their irregular finish makes them a wonderful reflector of light and this material is best used working straight into cement. It is opaque glass fired in large slabs in a kiln and then hand cut with a hammer and hardy chisel into small cubes. Click the picture to see the individual tesserae Smalti They vary in size.Ī close up of the bottom left corner of the picture above. The unglazed or body glazed version has the color mixed into the wet clay so the color runs through them. The glazed ceramic tiles have the color painted onto the top of the clay and then fired to a high temperature in a kiln. These are the cheapest range of bought materials and can be glazed or unglazed. An imprint of grooves is made on their underside for help with adhesion to cement when fixing. They are made by molten glass being poured into trays and fired. These are manufactured glass tiles made to a uniform shape and size. This produced a golden reflection emanating from in between the tesserae as well as their front, causing a far richer and more luminous effect than even plain gold leaf would create. The Byzantines used tesserae with gold leaf, in which case the glass pieces were flatter, with two glass pieces sandwiching the gold. Later, tesserae were made from colored glass, or clear glass backed with metal foils. Marble or limestone were cut into small cubes and arranged into representational designs and geometric patterns. In early antiquity, mosaics were formed from naturally formed colored pebbles, but by 200 BCE cut stone tesserae were being used in Ancient Roman decorative mosaic panels and floor mosaics.
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